<?php

/**
 * CodeIgniter
 *
 * An open source application development framework for PHP
 *
 * This content is released under the MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2019 - 2022, CodeIgniter Foundation
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * @package CodeIgniter
 * @author  EllisLab Dev Team
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014, EllisLab, Inc. (https://ellislab.com/)
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology (https://bcit.ca/)
 * @copyright   Copyright (c) 2019 - 2022, CodeIgniter Foundation (https://codeigniter.com/)
 * @license https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT MIT License
 * @link    https://codeigniter.com
 * @since   Version 3.0.0
 * @filesource
 */

defined('BASEPATH') or exit('No direct script access allowed');

/**
 * CodeIgniter Session Memcached Driver
 *
 * @package CodeIgniter
 * @subpackage  Libraries
 * @category    Sessions
 * @author  Andrey Andreev
 * @link    https://codeigniter.com/userguide3/libraries/sessions.html
 */
class CI_Session_memcached_driver extends CI_Session_driver implements CI_Session_driver_interface
{
    /**
     * Memcached instance
     *
     * @var Memcached
     */
    protected $_memcached;

    /**
     * Key prefix
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_key_prefix = 'ci_session:';

    /**
     * Lock key
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_lock_key;

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Class constructor
     *
     * @param   array   $params Configuration parameters
     * @return  void
     */
    public function __construct(&$params)
    {
        parent::__construct($params);

        if (empty($this->_config['save_path'])) {
            log_message('error', 'Session: No Memcached save path configured.');
        }

        if ($this->_config['match_ip'] === true) {
            $this->_key_prefix .= $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] . ':';
        }
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Open
     *
     * Sanitizes save_path and initializes connections.
     *
     * @param   string  $save_path  Server path(s)
     * @param   string  $name       Session cookie name, unused
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function open($save_path, $name)
    {
        $this->_memcached = new Memcached();
        $this->_memcached->setOption(Memcached::OPT_BINARY_PROTOCOL, true); // required for touch() usage
        $server_list = array();
        foreach ($this->_memcached->getServerList() as $server) {
            $server_list[] = $server['host'] . ':' . $server['port'];
        }

        if (! preg_match_all('#,?([^,:]+)\:(\d{1,5})(?:\:(\d+))?#', $this->_config['save_path'], $matches, PREG_SET_ORDER)) {
            $this->_memcached = null;
            log_message('error', 'Session: Invalid Memcached save path format: ' . $this->_config['save_path']);
            return $this->_failure;
        }

        foreach ($matches as $match) {
            // If Memcached already has this server (or if the port is invalid), skip it
            if (in_array($match[1] . ':' . $match[2], $server_list, true)) {
                log_message('debug', 'Session: Memcached server pool already has ' . $match[1] . ':' . $match[2]);
                continue;
            }

            if (! $this->_memcached->addServer($match[1], $match[2], isset($match[3]) ? $match[3] : 0)) {
                log_message('error', 'Could not add ' . $match[1] . ':' . $match[2] . ' to Memcached server pool.');
            } else {
                $server_list[] = $match[1] . ':' . $match[2];
            }
        }

        if (empty($server_list)) {
            log_message('error', 'Session: Memcached server pool is empty.');
            return $this->_failure;
        }

        $this->php5_validate_id();

        return $this->_success;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Read
     *
     * Reads session data and acquires a lock
     *
     * @param   string  $session_id Session ID
     * @return  string  Serialized session data
     */
    public function read($session_id)
    {
        if (isset($this->_memcached) && $this->_get_lock($session_id)) {
            // Needed by write() to detect session_regenerate_id() calls
            $this->_session_id = $session_id;

            $session_data = (string) $this->_memcached->get($this->_key_prefix . $session_id);
            $this->_fingerprint = md5($session_data);
            return $session_data;
        }

        return $this->_failure;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Write
     *
     * Writes (create / update) session data
     *
     * @param   string  $session_id Session ID
     * @param   string  $session_data   Serialized session data
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function write($session_id, $session_data)
    {
        if (! isset($this->_memcached, $this->_lock_key)) {
            return $this->_failure;
        }
        // Was the ID regenerated?
        elseif ($session_id !== $this->_session_id) {
            if (! $this->_release_lock() or ! $this->_get_lock($session_id)) {
                return $this->_failure;
            }

            $this->_fingerprint = md5('');
            $this->_session_id = $session_id;
        }

        $key = $this->_key_prefix . $session_id;

        $this->_memcached->replace($this->_lock_key, time(), 300);
        if ($this->_fingerprint !== ($fingerprint = md5($session_data))) {
            if ($this->_memcached->set($key, $session_data, $this->_config['expiration'])) {
                $this->_fingerprint = $fingerprint;
                return $this->_success;
            }

            return $this->_failure;
        } elseif (
            $this->_memcached->touch($key, $this->_config['expiration'])
            or ($this->_memcached->getResultCode() === Memcached::RES_NOTFOUND && $this->_memcached->set($key, $session_data, $this->_config['expiration']))
        ) {
            return $this->_success;
        }

        return $this->_failure;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Close
     *
     * Releases locks and closes connection.
     *
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function close()
    {
        if (isset($this->_memcached)) {
            $this->_release_lock();
            if (! $this->_memcached->quit()) {
                return $this->_failure;
            }

            $this->_memcached = null;
            return $this->_success;
        }

        return $this->_failure;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Destroy
     *
     * Destroys the current session.
     *
     * @param   string  $session_id Session ID
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function destroy($session_id)
    {
        if (isset($this->_memcached, $this->_lock_key)) {
            $this->_memcached->delete($this->_key_prefix . $session_id);
            $this->_cookie_destroy();
            return $this->_success;
        }

        return $this->_failure;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Garbage Collector
     *
     * Deletes expired sessions
     *
     * @param   int     $maxlifetime    Maximum lifetime of sessions
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function gc($maxlifetime)
    {
        // Not necessary, Memcached takes care of that.
        return $this->_success;
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Update Timestamp
     *
     * Update session timestamp without modifying data
     *
     * @param   string  $id Session ID
     * @param   string  $data   Unknown & unused
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function updateTimestamp($id, $unknown)
    {
        return $this->_memcached->touch($this->_key_prefix . $id, $this->_config['expiration']);
    }

    // --------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Validate ID
     *
     * Checks whether a session ID record exists server-side,
     * to enforce session.use_strict_mode.
     *
     * @param   string  $id Session ID
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function validateId($id)
    {
        $this->_memcached->get($this->_key_prefix . $id);
        return ($this->_memcached->getResultCode() === Memcached::RES_SUCCESS);
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Get lock
     *
     * Acquires an (emulated) lock.
     *
     * @param   string  $session_id Session ID
     * @return  bool
     */
    protected function _get_lock($session_id)
    {
        // PHP 7 reuses the SessionHandler object on regeneration,
        // so we need to check here if the lock key is for the
        // correct session ID.
        if ($this->_lock_key === $this->_key_prefix . $session_id . ':lock') {
            if (! $this->_memcached->replace($this->_lock_key, time(), 300)) {
                return ($this->_memcached->getResultCode() === Memcached::RES_NOTFOUND)
                    ? $this->_memcached->add($this->_lock_key, time(), 300)
                    : false;
            }

            return true;
        }

        // 30 attempts to obtain a lock, in case another request already has it
        $lock_key = $this->_key_prefix . $session_id . ':lock';
        $attempt = 0;
        do {
            if ($this->_memcached->get($lock_key)) {
                sleep(1);
                continue;
            }

            $method = ($this->_memcached->getResultCode() === Memcached::RES_NOTFOUND) ? 'add' : 'set';
            if (! $this->_memcached->$method($lock_key, time(), 300)) {
                log_message('error', 'Session: Error while trying to obtain lock for ' . $this->_key_prefix . $session_id);
                return false;
            }

            $this->_lock_key = $lock_key;
            break;
        } while (++$attempt < 30);

        if ($attempt === 30) {
            log_message('error', 'Session: Unable to obtain lock for ' . $this->_key_prefix . $session_id . ' after 30 attempts, aborting.');
            return false;
        }

        $this->_lock = true;
        return true;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    /**
     * Release lock
     *
     * Releases a previously acquired lock
     *
     * @return  bool
     */
    protected function _release_lock()
    {
        if (isset($this->_memcached, $this->_lock_key) && $this->_lock) {
            if (! $this->_memcached->delete($this->_lock_key) && $this->_memcached->getResultCode() !== Memcached::RES_NOTFOUND) {
                log_message('error', 'Session: Error while trying to free lock for ' . $this->_lock_key);
                return false;
            }

            $this->_lock_key = null;
            $this->_lock = false;
        }

        return true;
    }
}